Italian cuisine has an excellent reputation, and the country's food is known throughout the world. While Italy is perhaps best known for pasta and pizza, there are also many excellent Italian meat and seafood dishes. Additionally, Italy is also of course known for its desserts and cheeses.
For much of its history, Italy was divided into many separate regional states, and with parts of the country being occupied by foreign powers such as France and Italy. Indeed, it was not until 1861 that Italian unification was achieved. As a result of this history, Italian is well-known for its diverse regions, and this diversity is very much reflected in the country's cuisine.
Some dishes from the various regions of Italy include:
* Calabria (the "toe" of Italy) is known for its spicy salami
* Naples is the home of mozzarella and pizza. Additionally, sfogliatelle (Italian filled pastries) originate from the city too.
* Northern Italy produces many excellent foods. Lombardy and Piedmont both produce rice, and this is used in risotto. Other products from northern Italy include balsamic vinegar, bolognese sauce (ragu), lasagna, mortadella (a type of pork sausage served served cold) parmigiano (parmesan cheese), polenta, prosciutto (dry cured ham), and tortellini (stuffed pasta).
* Rome is known for producing a unique style of very thing pizzas. Classically Roman ingredients include pecorino (cheese made from sheep's milk) and offal.
* Sardinia has a reputation for fine lamb meat, and its own variety of pecorino.
* Sicily's proximity to North Africa and the Arab world is reflected in its cusine, most noteably in the use of lemon and pestachio. Sicily is also known for its seafood (especially swordfish and tuna), and its desserts, which include gelato icre cream, and granita (a semi-frozen dessert made using water, sugar, and flavorings).
* Tuscany is known for its meat, the use of white beans in its cuisine, and the region's fine unsalted bread.
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